Glossary · Cultural & historic preservation

Archaeological Inventory Survey (AIS)

Fieldwork standards at HAR Chapter 13-276; required under HRS §6E-42 review

An Archaeological Inventory Survey (AIS) is the licensed field study that Hawaiʻi historic-preservation review (HRS §6E-42) can require before ground disturbance. A licensed archaeologist identifies and documents any historic properties on a parcel and assesses their significance.

An AIS has a fixed anatomy under the HAR Chapter 13-276 fieldwork standards. It begins with archival research — SHPD site files, prior surveys, land-tenure records — and a written statement of expected findings, before any fieldwork. Fieldwork is then scaled to that expectation: pedestrian survey across the parcel, with test excavation only where a feature's age or function stays ambiguous.

Each site identified receives a significance assessment against the Hawaiʻi and National Register criteria and a treatment recommendation — no further work, preservation in place, or data recovery. Those recommendations are preliminary until SHPD concurs; the consultant recommends and the agency disposes.

An AIS is commissioned from a licensed archaeology firm, not filed by the owner. Timelines vary with parcel size and findings, but the report, agency review, and any mitigation negotiation commonly run months, not weeks.

What it means for a parcel

If a parcel is likely to need an AIS, that's schedule and budget to plan for. The survey is most valuable commissioned early, as a design input — its opening chapters are the same public-record evidence-weighing a screening read performs, and its fieldwork is the answer a screen can't substitute for.

How long does an Archaeological Inventory Survey take in Hawaiʻi?

It varies with parcel size and what's found, but the full cycle — archival research, fieldwork, report, SHPD review, and any mitigation plan — commonly runs several months to a year.

Who can perform an AIS?

A licensed archaeologist / archaeology firm. The fieldwork must meet the HAR Chapter 13-276 standards, and the significance findings remain preliminary until SHPD concurs.

This is a plain-language reference, not legal advice. KILO is a pre-development screening tool, not a system of record — confirm any determination with the agency of jurisdiction.

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